| Author(s) | Collection number | Pages | Download abstract | Download full text |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Tymchenko O. V., Чорняк В. О. | № 2 (71) | 13-25 |
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A generalized model of the process of forming tactile structures using additive manufacturing with variable textures has been developed to create educational and didactic materials for people with visual impairments. A concept for constructing parametric surfaces based on sinusoidal functions, harmonic oscillations, and parametric curves is proposed, enabling the generation of three-dimensional tactile elements with various morphologies and levels of complexity. Algorithms for automated generation of geometric models have been implemented, providing variation in the periodicity, amplitude, and orientation of the relief depending on the purpose of the tactile sample. Numerical modeling of polymer melt behavior during extrusion was carried out using the finite element method, which made it possible to assess the influence of temperature and speed parameters on the formation of surface microrelief.
The experimental part of the study included a series of test prints with variations in technological parameters. Correlation dependencies were established between the mentioned parameters and the geometric characteristics of the formed tactile structures. Optimal printing modes ensure the clear formation of elements with a height of 0.8–1.5 mm and a structural period of 2–3 mm, providing reliable tactile perception for users with total or partial vision loss.
Software tools have been developed for automated design and optimization of printing parameters, taking into account the physico-technological properties of the material. Verification of the proposed mathematical model showed a deviation of the calculated data from the experimental results of no more than 7%, confirming its adequacy and practical applicability for predicting the processes of tactile surface formation. The developed model can be used to improve technologies for producing educational and navigation materials for people with visual impairments, as well as in the field of 3D design of specialized printed products with relief-graphic elements.
Keywords: 3D printing, tactile structure parameters, modeling, thermophysical and rheological processes, additive manufacturing.
doi: 10.32403/1998-6912-2025-2-71-166-172
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